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Timeline of the Theory of Writing
I thought that as a collective thought experiment, it might be interesting to develop a timeline of important moments in the theorizing of writing. So whatever instances you can think of, add to comments and I'll insert into the post.
360 BCE: Plato sits down and pens a little dialog about sexual innuendo, rhetoric, and the problems with writing. Unlike the give and take of oral communication, writing is but dead letters on dead leaves, and worthy only of practicing if it follows upon the heels of already valuable oral communication and touches on non-serious issues. He and the shining one , by contrast, engage in a bit of non-seriousness.
353 BCE: Plato takes up writing again, this time to explain why he cannot be held responsible for the death of Dion, and that, in fact, his involvement in the politics of Sicily was what we might today call "all good." While doing so, he takes the time to point out that those malfeasants who claim to be philosophers cannot be so, because they write about serious matters, which this letter, umm, most certainly does not.
1882: In the same year that he publishes The Gay Science and declares the death of God, Friedrich Nietzsche’s failing eyesight leads him to purchase an early prototype of the typewriter. Able to learn the letter placement through feel and routine, Nietzsche becomes the first philosopher to experience ecriture automatique, print inscription without the attention-demanding slowness of the handwritten word.
1942: During the long winter of 1942/43, with the Battle of Stalingrad deciding the future of the Third Reich’s eastern front, Martin Heidegger delivers a lecture course on the fragments of Parmenides at the University of Frieburg, in which he surprises his audience by bursting into a random discussion of how the typewriter is eclipsing the experience of Being. Dust off those quills and bust out the inkwells, because handwriting is the real deal when it comes to living in the house of Being. Or so he says.
1968: A student revolution in France fails the same year in which Roland Barthes publicly declares the death of the author and the advent of the scriptor, a figure who no longer believes in the innate, corporeal connection of hand and voice and who celebrates the accelerated speed of modern writing.
1969: One year later, another Frenchman by the name of Michel Foucault explores the strange, spectral status of the author, recognizing that God and the author pretty much died coterminous deaths. Foucault, the last and perhaps greatest philosophical archivist, links the emergence of the modern author function to particular historical contingencies, even if, like most of his work, he touches only lightly on his own scribal machinations.
Ok, those will get us started. Anyone got some more?
By kenrufo | December 13, 2006 in Writers | Permalink
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Comments
Your first draft doesn't so much as mention Derrida?
Posted by: Adam Kotsko | Dec 13, 2006 12:51:42 PM
Here you go Adam: 1967 - the rabbinical Joyce publishes Writing and Difference, Speech and Phenomena, and Of Grammatology.
Posted by: Alain | Dec 13, 2006 2:27:59 PM
Under the category of Come to think of it:
1781: Jean-Jacques Rousseau, Essay on the origin of language (Published Posthumously)
(Perhaps)1916: Ferdinand de Saussure, Course in General Linguistics.
Posted by: Alain | Dec 13, 2006 3:27:06 PM
1878: Peirce's How to Make Our Ideas Clear is widely misunderstood.
Posted by: nnyhav | Dec 13, 2006 4:42:41 PM
1925: Sigmund Freud, A Note Upon a Mystic Writing Pad.
Posted by: Alain | Dec 13, 2006 5:14:51 PM
1575--Michel de Montaigne publishes _The Essays_
392 B.C.--Isocrates starts his school of rhetoric
1958--Walter Ong, _Ramus, Method, and the Decay of Dialogue_
Posted by: Roger Whitson | Dec 14, 2006 11:15:03 AM
1969: Maurice Balanchot publishes The Infinite Conversation
Posted by: Keith | Dec 14, 2006 2:07:52 PM
hmmm...why would "writing" be best represented by or as a "timeline"? what if something like a "timeline" is only possible starting with a certain form of "writing"?
Posted by: | Dec 14, 2006 3:11:58 PM
Doesn't a "theory of writing" also demand a "theory of reading"? If so, Althusser, Lefort, Strauss and Gadamer must certainly be included. Heidegger, too.
Posted by: Craig | Dec 14, 2006 5:29:44 PM
Dissemination, The Post Card, Paper Machine...The Arcades Project...Thomas the Obscure, The Space of Literature, The Gaze of Orpheus, "From Dread to Language" The Writing of the Disaster, The Book to Come...
Suppose it's up to good teachers to provide the pithy and succinct summaries of justification...without which the circumference of the listing grows infinite and its center is everywhere (haven't even started on fiction yet, The Bible, Borges, Kafka, Beckett, "The Instant of My Death" -or the whole Auschwitz and poetry/Adorno/Heidegger/Celan/Agamben kurfuffle)
March 1999: Al Gore creates the Internet.
Bush later claims it to be more than one.
Posted by: Matt | Dec 14, 2006 10:18:47 PM
December 13, 2006: Ken Rufo writes this post!
Posted by: daniel | Dec 15, 2006 1:27:35 AM
It may not be considered canonical and is rather more recent, but an excellent feminist critique of Barthes (and Foucault, I think) is Sara Ahmed, the "Authorship" chapter in "Differences that Matter: Feminist Theory and Postmodernism." 1998.
Posted by: Sauvage | Dec 15, 2006 3:49:21 AM
....And somewhere in the 70s/80s J. Baudrillard proclaims the "Death of the Real," or no longer any Reality principle altogether! ...and as those employed in 90% of the economic infrastucture of the US can attest, in the double zeros, human consciousness exhibits a strange lack of any self reflexivity whatsoever through the compulsory consumption that has increasingly become our shared lifeworld
Shit, I hate my job
Posted by: nat | Dec 15, 2006 8:43:42 PM
One imagines that Kittler's Gramophone, Film, Typewriter (Writing Science) (Germany 1986, US 1999) might figure, as might Mark Twain's Life on the Mississippi, the first typewritten book (not by him, but transtyped from his MS.)
Posted by: jane | Dec 16, 2006 5:42:22 PM
Some additions:
1759, Sterne publishes the first two volumes of Tristram Shandy (Life &...), book where squiggles are used as representations of the 'plot' development...
1939, Joyce publishes a novel which has its own language(s)...
1939, O'Nolan/O'Brien publishes At Swim Two Birds, hypernarrative, recycling of past writing by other writers (protagonists & c.)...
7th century (C.E./A.D.) - end of, arrival of full word separation (see Saenger http://www.sup.org/book.cgi?book_id=2653%204016%20 ) from Irish/Hibernian/British-Isles of written texts...
1972 - 'As We Will Think', first show of Ted Nelson's CosmicBook* prototype...
1945 - 'As We May Think', Vannevar Bush on Memex (Atlantic Monthly, July)
1984, 'Dictionary of The Khazars' by Pavic, 'novel' as 'dictionary', Male & Female versions...
Of course, many of these can be seen as 'practices' versus 'theory', but, then again, a 'practice' is a manifestation of a theory, no?
There are many other key/turning points, but many others of those I'd 'vote for' will probably be (highly) contentious...
Most notably, 2006, my MSc work on writing, theory of writing & Mathematics...
Kevin
p.s: I arrived here via http://www.long-sunday.net/long_sunday/2005/08/the_vampire_squ.html
*http://xanadu.com/cosmicbook/
Posted by: Kevin Zzz | Dec 18, 2006 7:33:07 AM
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